18 U.S.C. § 43 Force, Violence, and Threats Involving Animal Enterprises
Library | United States Statutes |
Edition | 2023 |
Currency | Current through P.L. 118-34 (published on www.congress.gov on 12/26/2023), except for [P. L. 118-31] |
Year | 2023 |
Citation | 18 U.S.C. § 43 |
(a) OFFENSE.-Whoever travels in interstate or foreign commerce, or uses or causes to be used the mail or any facility of interstate or foreign commerce-
(1) for the purpose of damaging or interfering with the operations of an animal enterprise; and
(2) in connection with such purpose-
(A) intentionally damages or causes the loss of any real or personal property (including animals or records) used by an animal enterprise, or any real or personal property of a person or entity having a connection to, relationship with, or transactions with an animal enterprise;
(B) intentionally places a person in reasonable fear of the death of, or serious bodily injury to that person, a member of the immediate family (as defined in section 115) of that person, or a spouse or intimate partner of that person by a course of conduct involving threats, acts of vandalism, property damage, criminal trespass, harassment, or intimidation; or
(C) conspires or attempts to do so;
shall be punished as provided for in subsection (b).
(b) PENALTIES.-The punishment for a violation of section 1 (a) or an attempt or conspiracy to violate subsection (a) shall be-
(1) a fine under this title or imprisonment not 2 more than 1 year, or both, if the offense does not instill in another the reasonable fear of serious bodily injury or death and-
(A) the offense results in no economic damage or bodily injury; or
(B) the offense results in economic damage that does not exceed $10,000;
(2) a fine under this title or imprisonment for not more than 5 years, or both, if no bodily injury occurs and-
(A) the offense results in economic damage exceeding $10,000 but not exceeding $100,000; or
(B) the offense instills in another the reasonable fear of serious bodily injury or death;
(3) a fine under this title or imprisonment for not more than 10 years, or both, if-
(A) the offense results in economic damage exceeding $100,000; or
(B) the offense results in substantial bodily injury to another individual;
(4) a fine under this title or imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both, if-
(A) the offense results in serious bodily injury to another individual; or
(B) the offense results in economic damage exceeding $1,000,000; and
(5) imprisonment for life or for any terms of years, a fine under this title, or both, if the offense results in death of another individual.
(c) RESTITUTION.-An order of restitution under section 3663 or 3663A of this title with respect to a violation of this section may also include restitution-
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